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What is the difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM?

Coding Now Expert  •  Jun 13, 2026  •  199 views
This is one of the most common Java interview questions.

**JVM (Java Virtual Machine):**
- Executes Java bytecode
- Platform-specific (Windows JVM, Linux JVM)
- Provides memory management (garbage collection)
- Part of JRE

**JRE (Java Runtime Environment):**
- JVM + standard libraries
- Everything needed to RUN a Java program
- End users install JRE

**JDK (Java Development Kit):**
- JRE + compiler (javac) + debugger + development tools
- Everything needed to WRITE and compile Java
- Developers install JDK

**Simple analogy:**
- JVM = engine
- JRE = car (engine + body)
- JDK = car + garage tools to build/fix the car
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